For last week’s practice question, we quizzed participants on checkpoint inhibitors triggering hyperglycemia. 34% of respondents chose the best answer. We want to clarify and share this important information, so you can pass it on to people living with diabetes and your colleagues, plus prepare for exam success!
Before we start though, if you don’t want any spoilers and haven’t tried the question yet, you can answer it by clicking here.

Betty, a 60-year-old female, is receiving pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, as treatment for melanoma. She is worried about the potential adverse effects. She is very concerned about the risk of developing diabetes. Her recent lab work shows normal fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c.
- A gradual onset of mild hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance, similar to type 2 diabetes.
- A steroid-induced hyperglycemia that resolves after tapering off steroid therapy
- A mild, transient fasting hyperglycemia that requires no treatment.
- A rapid-onset insulin-deficient diabetes that can present as diabetic ketoacidosis.

Getting to the Best Answer
Answer 1 is incorrect. 24.22% chose this answer, “A gradual onset of mild hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance, similar to type 2 diabetes.” This answer is incorrect. Immune checkpoint inhibitor medications do not cause mild hyperglycemia but instead cause significant hyperglycemia and DKA similar to type 1 diabetes.
Answer 2 is incorrect. 24.22% of you chose this answer, “A steroid-induced hyperglycemia that resolves after tapering off steroid therapy.” This answer is incorrect. Though steroid treatment is often needed, hyperglycemia in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated diabetes is not resolved after tapering off steroids.
Answer 3 is incorrect. About 17.58% of respondents chose this: “A mild, transient fasting hyperglycemia that requires no treatment.” This answer is incorrect. Though steroid treatment is often needed, hyperglycemia in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated diabetes is not resolved after tapering off steroids.
Finally, Answer 4 is correct. 33.98% chose this answer, “A rapid-onset insulin-deficient diabetes that can present as diabetic ketoacidosis.” This answer is correct. Due to immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced immune system alterations, hyperglycemia and insulin deficiency can rapidly develop, often leading to DKA.
We hope you appreciate this week’s rationale! Thank you so much for taking the time to answer our Question of the Week and participate in this fun learning activity!
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