Our October 20th Question of the week quizzed test takers on determining the type of diabetes based on lab results and the history. 68% of respondents chose the correct answer, while 32% did not. We thought that this was an important topic to discuss further, so we can pass on correct info to people living with diabetes.

Before we start though, if you don’t want any spoilers and haven’t tried the question yet, you can answer below: Answer Question

Question: JR has had prediabetes for several years, with A1c’s of 6.0-6.4%. JR is now experiencing sudden hyperglycemia and an A1c is 9.2%, GAD is positive, transglutaminase is negative and TSH is 1.4.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer Choices:

1. Latent autoimmune diabetes.
2. Hyperglycemia due to secondary causes.
3. Celiac induced hyperglycemia.
4. Type 1 diabetes.

As shown above, the most common choice was option 1, the second most common answer was option 4, then option 2, and finally option 3.

Getting to the Best Answer

If you are thinking about taking the certification exam, this practice test question will set you up for success. Test writers anticipate possible answers based on the details in the question. They will wave those “juicy answers” right under your nose. Your job is to weed through the particulars, pluck out the most important elements and choose the BEST answer.

Answer 1 is correct. 68.74% chose this answer. “Latent autoimmune diabetes.” To diagnose LADA, the Immunology of Diabetes Society has established three main criteria including: (1) adult age of onset (>30 years); (2) presence of any islet cell autoantibody; and (3) absence of insulin requirement for at least 6 months after diagnosis.

Even though we don’t know the age of this person, the sudden increase in blood glucose and one positive autoantibody (GAD – glutamic acid decarboxylase) plus an elevated A1c without urgent need for insulin therapy, indicate a diabetes 1.5 or LADA. LADA is a slower moving autoimmune attack of the pancreas, but also has features of type 2 diabetes, with some insulin resistance. People with LADA will need insulin therapy, usually with in 6 months, to help with beta cell preservation and prevent glucose toxicity. They are also at risk for other autoimmune co-conditions like thyroid and celiac disease.

Answer 2 is incorrect. 12.25% of you chose this answer, “Hyperglycemia due to secondary causes.” This is a juicy answer, but there is no other factors in the included in the question that indicates any other “secondary” cause (like medications or tube feedings). Also, a positive GAD is a specific test that measures and indicates autoimmune diabetes.

Answer 3 is incorrect. About 6.03% of respondents chose this, “Celiac induced hyperglycemia.” This answer is tempting, since the question mentions transglutaminase, which is a autoimmune blood test for celiac disease. However, the test comes back negative, so there is no celiac disease. Most importantly, there is no diagnosis category of “celiac induced hyperglycemia.”

Finally, Answer 4 is incorrect. 12.98% chose this answer, ” Type 1 diabetes.” Based on the info in the test question, especially that JR had prediabetes” and the fact that only the GAD is positive and the A1c is only modestly elevated, this person is best described as having LADA.

We hope you appreciate this week’s rationale! Thank you so much for taking the time to answer our Question of the Week and participate in this fun learning activity!

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November 5, 2020, from 11:30 a.m. – 12:45 p.m.  (PST)

Unsure about updates for the 2020 exam?

Coach Beverly offers this FREE webinar to help get you to prepare for the CDCES Exam. All her tips and tricks are meant to ease your mind and reflect the updates to the CDCES content outline.

Topics Covered Include:

• Implications of new certification name, CDCES for our specialty
• Exam requirement updates for 2020
• Exam eligibility and test format
• Strategies to succeed along with a review of study tips and test-taking tactics.
• We will review sample test questions and the reasoning behind choosing the right answers.
• Learn how to focus your time and prepare to take the CDCES Exam. We provide plenty of sample test questions and test-taking tips!

Instructor: Beverly Thomassian RN, MPH, CDCES, BC-ADM is a working educator who has passed her CDCES Exam 6 times. She is a nationally recognized diabetes expert for over 25 years.

See our Preparing for CDCES Resource Page >>

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