Reference Articles and Resources:

• 16. Diabetes Care in the Hospital: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2023 The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes”.
• Role of Diabetes Specialists in the Inpatient Setting ADCES 2022
  • Management of Diabetes in the Hospital – Umpierrez et al. Lancet 2021
  • Management of Hyperglycemic Crises: Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (2017)
• DKA Protocol from New York Presbyterian Hospital
• Inpatient Diabetes Educators Reduce Re-admissions

• Hyperglycemic Crises: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), And Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State (HHS) [Updated 2018 May 17]. Gosmanov AR, Gosmanova EO, Kitabchi AE. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, et al., editors. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000-.
• Inpatient hyperglycemia management: A practical review of primary medical and surgical teams – Umpierrez
• Management of Inpatient Hyperglycemia and Diabetes in Older Adults – Umpierrez
• Management of Hyperglycemia in Hospitalized Patients in the Non-Critical Care Setting: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline 2012 » A consensus statement that provides evidence based guidelines on inpatient glucose management for the non critical setting.
  • 2022 Update Here
• Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Hyperglycemia in Hospitalized Patients in a Non-Critical Care Setting » Powerpoint Slide Presentation 2011
• Management of Diabetes and Hyperglycemia in Hospitalized
  • 2020 Update Here
• Creative Strategies to Improve Diabetes Care in the Inpatient Setting » this article is a guide to setting up an inpatient diabetes program with limited resources and staff. Authored by Beverly Thomassian and based on her experience setting up a diabetes program at Stanford Medical Center.
• Consensus Statement on Inpatient Glycemic Control, 2009 » American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Diabetes Association.
• Hospitalization Rates in California – A UCLA Study » This 2014 study reveals that approximately 30% of all hospitalized patients have diabetes.
• How to Manage type 2 diabetes in medical and surgical patients in the hospital » A short and straight forward review of the different trials that demonstrate basal /bolus insulin management in the hospital setting improves outcomes.
• Hyperglycemia: An Independent Marker of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Undiagnosed Diabetes » One of my favorite articles since it brings attention to the importance of managing hyperglycemia in those not previously diagnosed with diabetes during the hospital stay.
• Management of Inpatient Hyperglycemia in NonCritically Ill Patients » This article provides an excellent overview of the importance of inpatient glucose control and strategies to achieve control in the hospital setting.
• RABBIT 2 Trial » Randomized Basal Bolus versus Sliding Scale Regular in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in the hospital setting.
• RABBIT 2 Surgery Trial » Basal-Bolus versus Sliding Scale for Surgical Patient