CDCES Shorter & More Focused Starting July, 2024
Great News! The most significant change to the CDCES Exam in the past 30 years kicks off next month. Not only will there be fewer total questions but there are now going to be more questions that focus on diabetes care and education interventions and fewer questions on assessment and administration.
The Certification Board for Diabetes Care and Education (CBDCE) handbook determined that only 175 questions are needed, instead of 200, to evaluate if an individual has adequate expertise and mastery of the test content.
We are happy to announce that Coach Beverly has carefully gone through the list of CDCES test topics for the updated exam, and verified that our online course materials and bundles cover the listed content areas.
Regardless of when you take the exam, certain things will remain the same.
There will still be 25 questions that are NOT counted in the final test score. These questions are scattered throughout the exam and allow for the collection of meaningful statistics about new questions, but are not used to determine individual examination scores.
In addition, this exam results are based on a “scaled score” to ensure that different exam versions are equally challenging. The CBDCE has made no mention of a decrease in the four hours to complete the exam, and certificants can still take the exam at a testing site or choose live remote proctoring.
Starting July 1, 2024, the test outline has a greater focus on Care and Education Interventions.
Here is how the counted 150 questions are divided by content (There are 175 questions, but only 150 count toward the final score)
- Assessment – 37 questions (was 59 questions)
- Care and Education Interventions – 105 questions (was 88 questions)
- Standards and Practices – 8 questions (was 28 questions)
The majority of the test questions now fall under the section “Care and Education Interventions” as listed in the exam content outline effective July 1, 2024.
Exam content included in Care and Education Intervention includes:
A. Disease Process
B. Individualized Education
C. Person-Centered Education on Self-Behaviors
1. Nutrition Principles
2. Physical Activity
3. Medication Management
4. Monitoring and Interpretation
5. Acute complications
6. Chronic complications and comorbidities
7. Problem-solving
8. Living with diabetes and prediabetes
9. Evaluation, documentation and follow-up
This means test takers need to have in-depth knowledge of this comprehensive list of topic areas to enhance exam success.
For a more detailed topic list, please see the CDCES Exam Content Outline | July 1, 2024 For complete eligibility and certification information, the 2024 Certification Examination for Diabetes Educators Handbook contains detailed instructions on applying, study resources, and exam content outlines.
Will Our Online University Courses Prepare Students for the Updated Exam Content?
Yes, absolutely. Coach Beverly has painstakingly gone through each line of the exam content outline and verified that our online course materials and bundles cover the outlined content areas. The good news is that our library of courses has a strong focus on person-centered care and education intervention content, which is now the biggest exam component as outlined in section II of the Exam Content Outline | July 1, 2024.
In addition, our online course content is updated each year based on a review of the latest ADA Guidelines and the CBDCE’s exam content outline. If the ADA Standards include new or updated information that is listed in the exam outline, we plug in these new medications, MNT approaches, goals, screening guidelines etc. into the course content.
Coach Beverly also retakes the exam every renewal cycle for her certification so she can have a student’s perspective on sitting for the exam while developing course content. We try to focus specifically on material that is relevant for the exam, considers the overall ADA Standards of Care, and ultimately improves the quality of care delivered to people living with diabetes.
Our goal is to provide evidence-based, clinically relevant content that will also prepare participants for exam success. We’ve got you covered.
Should I take the CDCES exam before or after the changes?
This is a great question, and Coach Beverly suggests carefully self-evaluating your testing style. If the thought of muscling through 200 questions seems overwhelming and question fatigue is an issue, consider taking the shorter version in July. However, as with any new exam, there may be some kinks to iron out, and there could be a slight delay in receiving test results in the first few months after the exam’s release, based on my experience. When there has been a test update in the past, the CBDCE took a few weeks to send the test results to test takers for a short time period.
Coach Beverly suggests basing your decision on your level of readiness. After reviewing the exam outline content, if you feel very familiar with the topics listed, plus you are scoring 80% or greater on practice exams, moving forward with the exam is a great choice. Keep in mind that the exam covers a wide breadth of information, from birth to death, plus during pregnancy, and addresses chronic and acute care in various settings. This means you will need to create a study plan that assesses knowledge gaps along with a plan to address those gaps.
What other CDCES Resources will help me get ready?
- You are invited to join our FREE Prep for CDCES Webinar airing on June 25th. Coach Beverly will transform your test anxiety into exam readiness.
- Check out our very active CDCES Exam Prep Facebook Group. This upbeat and supportive group will give you CDCES exam study tips, feedback, and support.
- Not sure where to start? Take a self-assessment short survey, “What Study Tools are Right for Me” to help create your study path.
Conflict of Interest clarification:
Our company Diabetes Education Services has no relationship with the CBDCE. All of the information posted in this blog is based on Coach Beverly’s careful review of the 2024 Certification Examination for Diabetes Educators Handbook.
Click Here to Save $100!
Sign up for Diabetes Blog Bytes – we post one daily Blog Byte from Monday to Friday. And of course, Tuesday is our Question of the Week. It’s Informative and FREE! Sign up below!
Accreditation: Diabetes Education Services is an approved provider by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider 12640, and our CPEU courses have received Prior Approval* from the Commission of Dietetic Registration (CDR), Provider DI002. Since our CPEU courses received Prior approval* from the CDR, these CPEU courses satisfy the CE requirements for the CDCES /BC-ADM regardless of your profession!
The use of DES products does not guarantee the successful passage of the certification exam. CBDCE and ADCES do not endorse any preparatory or review materials for the CDCES or BC-ADM exams, except for those published by CBDCE & ADCES.
3 Health Boosting Actions for Summer & Beyond
Summer, with its abundance of fresh produce and increased daylight hours, provides an opportunity to explore healthy eating and lifestyle habits. Collaborating with individuals to develop incremental, consistent, and lasting habit changes can prevent or delay diabetes progression.
This post will review three evidence-based opportunities that demonstrate how small changes can promote diabetes risk reduction.
The longer daylight hours of summer can be the perfect time to set goals for increased engagement in physical activities. Assessing baseline physical ability, current activity and daily movement, and sedentary time can prioritize action plans.
A little Activity Goes a Long Way
Guidelines recommend 150 minutes or more of aerobic activity, to improve A1C, reduce Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk, and improve overall well-being.
These guidelines, however, may impose an unnecessary barrier for those who could benefit from simply becoming more active.
The 2024 Standards Care1 reports adding 500 steps per day, a 5-6 minute brisk walk, or breaking up sitting time can reduce CVD mortality, increase life expectancy, and improve glucose metabolism, respectively. Effective interventions evaluate barriers and individualize action plans according to desires and needs.
Fruit & Veggies – Even a small increase improves outcomes
Evidence-based reviews have long shown that increasing fruit and vegetable consumption reduces the risk of diabetes and CVD. A BMJ observational study reported that every 66 grams per day increase in total fruit and vegetable intake was associated with a 25% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes.5 This translates to less than ½ cup of vegetables (½ cup cooked broccoli, 3.5 spears of asparagus, or about 1.5 cup leafy greens) or less than one piece of fruit (½ apple, 1.5 apricots or ½ cup of strawberries).
Moderately increasing daily servings could help prevent type 2 diabetes, especially among populations with the lowest intake levels.
In creating a fruit or vegetable intake habit, the goal may be to explore access and the opportunity to include an additional vegetable or fruit serving daily.
Reducing Red & Processed Meats Decreases Diabetes Incidence
Summer barbeques can be associated with highly processed red meat consumption. Discussing the menu ahead of time allows time to explore alternative options.
In 2020, the US Dietary Guidelines Committee reported strong evidence that dietary patterns with higher intake of red and processed meats are associated with all-cause mortality and CVD risk. They also found with this dietary pattern moderate evidence of increased risk of type 2 diabetes and colorectal cancers.2
Within the US, current intake statistics report an average intake of 187 grams (~6.5 ounces) per week of processed meat and 284 grams (~ 10 ounces) per week of unprocessed red meat.2 A recent 2024 study using a microsimulation model of NHANES data estimated how changes in processed meat and unprocessed red meat intake could affect type 2 diabetes, CVD, colorectal cancer, and mortality.3
Their findings suggested that within the US, a 30% reduction in processed meat consumption could result in 352,900 occurrences of type 2 diabetes within the 10-year timeframe of the model, and a 30% reduction in both red meat and processed meat consumption could result in 1,073,400 fewer occurrences of type 2 diabetes.
Within the study, there was an 8.7-gram reduction in daily processed meat consumption, about 2 ounces per week. Findings from this model were similar to a 2021 observation study that found eating 150 grams (~ 5 ounces) or more of processed meat per week increased CVD risk by 46%.4 Although neither of these studies show true causation, action plans focusing on changes to portion, frequency, or type of food could promote diabetes risk reduction.
Share the Simple Summer Cucumber and Tomato Salad recipe below to inspire a delicious and simple option.
Habits are most often formed by consistently implementing small changes over time. Exploring an individual’s motivations, pairing goal setting with the highest change talk, and implementing motivating strategies for long-term behavior changes help habit formation. While every season can bring challenges and benefits, summer can be a mid-year point to reflect on daily habits. Whether the focus is on modifications to food intake patterns, daily activities, or problem-solving other situations, as healthcare professionals, we can help our clients achieve incremental changes that last.
Simple Summer Cucumber and Tomato Salad6
Ingredients
- 1/8 teaspoon black pepper
- 2 Tablespoons red wine vinegar
- 1 ½ Tablespoon olive oil
- 10 ½ ounces of cherry tomatoes, cut in half
- 1 large cucumber, peeled and cut into large chunks
- 1 pinch of salt (optional)
Directions
- Place the cut cucumber and cut cherry tomatoes in a salad bowl.
- In a small bowl, whisk together dressing ingredients.
- Pour the dressing over the cucumbers and tomatoes and serve.
Nutrition Facts
Servings: 4, Serving Size: 1 cup, Calories: 70, Total Fat: 5 gm, Saturated Fat: 0.7 gm, Sodium: 5 mg, Total Carbohydrate: 4 gm, Dietary Fiber: 1 gm, Total Sugars: 3 gm, Protein: 1 gm
References:
- American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee; 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024. Diabetes Care 1 January 2024; 47 (Supplement_1): S77–S110.
- Frank SM, Taillie LS, Jaacks LM. How Americans eat red and processed meat: an analysis of the contribution of thirteen different food groups. Public Health Nutr. 2022 Feb 21;25(5):1-10.
- Kennedy J, Alexander P, Taillie LS, Jaacks LM. Estimated effects of reductions in processed meat consumption and unprocessed red meat consumption on occurrences of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, colorectal cancer, and mortality in the USA: a microsimulation study. Lancet Planet Health. 2024 Jul;8(7):e441-e451.
- Iqbal R, Dehghan M, Mente A, et al. Associations of unprocessed and processed meat intake with mortality and cardiovascular disease in 21 countries [Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study]: a prospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021;114(3):1049-1058.
- Ju-Sheng Zheng, et al. Association of plasma biomarkers of fruit and vegetable intake with incident type 2 diabetes: EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study in eight European countries. BMJ, 2020; m2194 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m2194
- Downloaded from Diabetes Food Hub on July 18th, 2024. https://www.diabetesfoodhub.org/recipes/simple-summer-cucumber-and-tomato-salad.html?home-category_id=20
Join us Live in Beautiful San Diego for our
Annual DiabetesEd Training Conference
October 9th-11th, 2024
Join Coach Beverly and Team for two and a half days of knowledge-sharing, fun, networking, games with prizes, and “aha” moments in beautiful San Diego on October 9-11, 2024.
You don’t want to miss this one-of-a-kind learning opportunity. Get away from all those daily responsibilities and immerse yourself in a fun and intensive conference with plenty of networking opportunities.
Attendees will leave this conference with new tools and a more complete understanding of the latest advances in diabetes care, from medications to technology to Medical Nutrition Therapy!
Each day, we provide a healthy breakfast, including fresh coffee, to kick off your morning. Our instructors co-teach the content to keep things fresh and lively. Plus, we play DiaBingo to reinforce key content and give away prizes. In addition, we provide plenty of movement breaks led by volunteers from the audience. Did we mention delicious lunches and a conference meeting space just minutes from San Diego Bay?
Friend Discount: 3 or more only $559-$799 (based on registration package) per person. Email us at info@diabetesed.net with the name and email of each registrant to get the discount!
Time: The course is Wednesday through Friday. Join us for breakfast at 7:00 a.m. each day. The class begins at 8:00 a.m. and ends at 5:00 p.m. on Wednesday and Thursday and at 3:00 p.m. on Friday.
- 3 Days: of critical information delivered by passionate speakers in an engaging and fun format!
- 18+ CEs: earned at the Live Seminar (RDs earn 18.75 CEs while Nurses & CA Pharmacists earn 22.75 CEs)
- 10 Bonus Online Courses, Earn 10+ CEs: As a course attendee, you automatically receive a bonus online course bundle of 13 online courses valued at over $179. Coach Beverly carefully chose each of these courses based on student feedback on which content best helped them succeed at the certification exams and in their clinical practice. You will be given instructions after you purchase the course on how to enroll in our Online University and get started!
- Healthy breakfast all days, gourmet lunch both days and refreshments.
- E-version of the syllabus
Sign up for Diabetes Blog Bytes – we post weekly Blog Bytes that are informative and FREE! Every week we post one exam practice Question of the Week and Rationale of the Week. Sign up below!
Sign up for DiabetesEd Blog Bytes
Accreditation: Diabetes Education Services is an approved provider by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider 12640, and our CPEU courses have received Prior Approval* from the Commission of Dietetic Registration (CDR), Provider DI002. Since our CPEU courses received Prior approval* from the CDR, these CPEU courses satisfy the CE requirements for the CDCES /BC-ADM regardless of your profession!
The use of DES products does not guarantee the successful passage of the certification exam. CBDCE and ADCES do not endorse any preparatory or review materials for the CDCES or BC-ADM exams, except for those published by CBDCE & ADCES.
Once Weekly Insulin Not FDA Approved due to Safety Issues
Once weekly basal insulin, icodec, failed to be approved for use by people with type 1 diabetes by the FDA’s Endocrinologic and Metabolic Drugs Advisory Committee by a vote of 7-4. The significantly increased risk for hypoglycemia on days two through four after administration outweighed its potential benefits. The committee also noted that icodec’s risk of hypoglycemia is higher than the basal insulin degludec, which is commonly used and has a better safety profile. Other committee members expressed concerns that approving icodec based on inadequate data could discourage further trials that are needed to ensure its safe use.
In an effort to secure approval, the applicants for icodec suggested the following actions to improve the safety profile of this novel weekly insulin.
Proposed mitigating actions to reduce hypoglycemia risk by the applicant included;
- icodec only be used for people using a CGM
- individuals with hypoglycemia unawareness would not be candidates for this once weekly insulin
- labeling alternative insulin dose titration strategies to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia (e.g., reducing the bolus insulin dose by approximately 30% between days 2 to 4 after each weekly insulin icodec injection).
- Indicating insulin icodec only for patients with a low % coefficient of variation (%CV) since the subgroup of patients with low glycemic variability, as defined as percent coefficient of variation (%CV<36%), had hypoglycemia risk comparable to the entire cohort of patients on insulin degludec (i.e.,with any %CV).
- Recommending that individuals who experience recurrent hypoglycemia switch to other insulin treatment options
- Providing prescriber and patient training materials to help maximize benefit-risk.
Even though mitigating actions were suggested to decrease this hypoglycemia risk during this two day peak, the FDA panel members still deferred approval, citing safety concerns due to the significant hypoglycemia risk and need for more data..
How would people living with type 1 diabetes benefit from once weekly insulin?
Surprisingly, about one third of people living with type 1 diabetes are still managing blood sugars with multiple daily injections. This is especially true for people living in under resourced communities and people of color living with type 1 diabetes. Due to barriers and social determinants of health, in addition to struggling with multiple daily injections, they are also less likely to use continuous glucose monitors or check blood sugars on a regular basis. Although, once a week insulin seems ideal for individuals who may be experiencing a variety of barriers to injecting daily insulin, the main issue is the increased risk of hypoglycemia during days 2-4 when icodec is peaking coupled with limited access to glucose monitoring.
In addition, consistent injected insulin therapy in adults with type 1 diabetes was reported to be relatively low (52.6%, 95% confidence interval[CI]: 37.4 to 67.9%) in data from a meta-analysis of eight clinical trials. The probability of missing at least one daily basal insulin dose over any 14-day period is estimated to be 22% (95% CI: 10 to 40%).
Among individuals with type 2 diabetes, using a daily basal insulin, a once weekly basal insulin would reduce the number of insulin injections from 365 per year to 52 per year. In a recent study, 91% of people with type 2 diabetes and 89% of providers had a positive view of taking basal insulin once weekly.
Among individuals with type 1 diabetes, who rely on a basal bolus regimen, a once weekly basal insulin would reduce the number of insulin injections from approximately 28 per week to 22 per week. For those with type 1 diabetes, there is no research to date that evaluates whether a once weekly basal insulin would be preferred over other basal insulin options, or whether use would result in improved adherence and glycemic control.
ONWARDS 6 Study Results – Using icodec for people living with Type 1
In ONWARDS 6, weekly insulin icodec was noninferior (but not superior) to daily insulin degludec and was associated with 48 to 89% more level two and three hypoglycemia at Week 26, depending on the method of analysis. The highest risk period for hypoglycemia with insulin icodec coincides with its peak glucose-lowering effect which occurs on days 2 to 4 following each weekly injection. There were also more hypoglycemia-related serious adverse events reported among patients randomized to insulin icodec compared to insulin degludec.
Thus, in the only study conducted in participants with type 1 diabetes, insulin icodec was observed to have a higher risk of clinically meaningful hypoglycemia, in the absence of a lower A1C. Hypoglycemic episodes reported with insulin icodec and insulin degludec in ONWARDS 6 were of the same nature in terms of duration, management, and recovery.
What is Insulin icodec?
Insulin icodec is an acylated long-acting human insulin analog produced by a process that includes expression of recombinant DNA in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), followed by chemical modification. In addition to amino acid sequencing changes, a C20 fatty-acid side chain has been added to the peptide backbone via the amino group in the side chain at Lys(B29). When insulin icodec is injected, the C20 fatty acid sidechain derivative binds strongly, but reversibly, to endogenous albumin, which results in decreased renal clearance and protection from metabolic degradation, and consequently prolonged pharmacodynamic activity.
Insulin icodec is a proposed insulin analog with a prolonged duration of action intended to support once weekly (QW) subcutaneous administration. Thus, insulin icodec reduces treatment burden in type 1 diabetes, by reducing the number of basal insulin injections in comparison to daily basal insulins.
However,basal insulin icodec does not have a peakless time-action profile throughout the dosing interval (see chart below).
In conclusion, it seems certain that the manufacturers of insulin icodec will be seeking approval for this once weekly insulin for people living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in the future. Stay tuned for more insulin updates with our monthly newsletter.
Information from this article was obtained from review of the FDA Presentation Document and Slides, May 24, 2024.
Accreditation: The Diabetes Educator Live Course is approved for 26 Contact Hours for nurses and CA Pharmacists and 21 CPE, Level III for RDs. Provider is approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider # 12640 and Commission on Dietetic Registration (CDR), Provider # DI002. Need hours for your CDCES? We have great news. This program is accredited by the CDR so all hours of instruction can be used to renew your CDCES regardless of your profession. **
The use of DES products does not guarantee the successful passage of the diabetes certification exams. CBDCE & ADCES does not endorse any preparatory or review materials for the certification exams, except for those published by CBDCE & ADCES.
**To satisfy the requirement for renewal of certification by continuing education for the Certification Board for Diabetes Care & Education (CBDCE), continuing education activities must be applicable to diabetes and approved by a provider on the CBDCE List of Recognized Providers (www.cbdce.org). CBDCE does not approve continuing education. Diabetes Education Services is accredited/approved by the Commission of Dietetic Registration which is on the list of CBDCE Recognized Providers.
Embark Trial Reveals Results – Spoiler Alert
The results of the EMBARK Trial are in! Spoiler Alert: These findings will change your practice approach.
As a Diabetes Educator who participated in the EMBARK trial, I have first-hand experience with the three different approaches used in this study to address diabetes distress and glucose levels for adults living with type 1 diabetes. I am surprised by the findings and excited to share them.
But before I describe the study and its results, there is a spoiler alert—the research results might compel you to adjust your practice approach.
First, let’s start with some background information.
The EMBARK (Behavioral Approaches to Reducing Diabetes Distress and Improving Glycemic Control) study was a 12-month randomized, controlled intervention trial for adults with type 1 diabetes. It directly compared the impact of three highly focused interventions designed to reduce both Diabetes Distress and A1C levels among adults with Type 1 Diabetes.
The trial divided participants into three groups: Streamline, FixIt, and TunedIn. As a diabetes educator, I participated in the Streamline and FixIt study groups. As part of the study protocol, each participant completed the Diabetes Distress Scale and the results were shared with the study facilitators.
- In the Streamline educator-led intervention, we instructed individuals with type 1 to get glucose to target through group training, phone calls, and the use of unique glucose logs that promote problem-solving and self-discovery. The group training provided a brief diabetes review focused on basal insulin and bolus dosing and timing, followed by a structured five-step program to identify and resolve the specific glucose challenges identified by each participant.
- The Diabetes Educators weren’t involved in the TunedIn intervention group. TunedIn was a psychologist-led program that exclusively targeted the problematic feelings, beliefs, and expectations that underlie diabetes distress. The psychologists led a virtual group workshop followed by individual phone calls, during which they discussed areas of distress and guided participants through a structured conversation to address and reduce distress.
- The third group, FixIt, involved both diabetes educators and diabetes psychologists and combined both the Streamline and TunedIn approaches into a single, integrated program.
Which Intervention Worked Best?
As a diabetes educator involved in the Streamline and FixIt groups, I was sure that the FixIt group would have the best outcomes, given that they received the “Rolls-Royce” of interventions, which included several group sessions and one-on-one coaching by a team of psychologists and diabetes educators. However, I was wrong. The psychologist-led “TunedIn” had the best overall outcomes.
Results: TunedIn, an emotion-focused program, had the most consistent overall benefits when considering both Diabetes Distress and A1C (see infographic below).
The findings suggest the value of using emotion-focused strategies, like those in TunedIn, to reduce diabetes distress and enhance management among adults with diabetes. In truth, the findings reveal that all three groups experienced improvement in A1C and Diabetes Distress. These results suggest that both management- and emotion-focused group programs for adults with type 1 diabetes can lead to significant and clinically meaningful reductions in Diabetes Distress and A1C.
As healthcare professionals, we tend to focus on problem-solving around lifestyle, medications, and glucose levels. The results of this study confirm our intuition to prioritize addressing emotions to support individuals living with diabetes.
Let’s reprioritize our checklist of diabetes topics and move into the heart of providing effective diabetes care by assessing and addressing distress.
This emotion-based approach aligns with the 2024 American Diabetes Standards, which recommend annually assessing Diabetes Distress. These important study results remind and prompt us to assess and address Diabetes Distress to improve diabetes care outcomes. The ADA created a wonderful resource, the ADA Behavioral Health Toolkit, which houses diabetes distress and other screening tools for easy reference.
We can incorporate three main approaches underlying this study into our clinical practice (from Embark Trial Article).
- Take a diabetes education and management approach that focuses on fostering self-management change. This strategy assumes that people will become less distressed as they engage more effectively with their management.
- Incorporate an emotional approach. One key to improving glycemic outcomes is to directly address the feelings, beliefs, and expectations that underlie diabetes distress and serve as barriers to management change. This strategy recognizes that diabetes distress acts as a brake on the application of existing diabetes knowledge and skills and on one’s ability to benefit from new educational and behavioral interventions. By releasing the diabetes distress brake through emotion-focused intervention, the negative cycle can be efficiently ended.
- Use an integrated approach that combines an education and management approach with a diabetes distress emotion-centered approach. This capitalizes on the strengths of each, leading to a more effective and efficient strategy for reducing diabetes distress and improving glycemic management.
The year I spent coaching study participants in the Embark Trial significantly changed my approach to diabetes self-management coaching. In preparation for the study intervention, we were fortunate to be mentored by two experts in the field of diabetes distress: Susan Guzman, PhD, and Larry Fisher, PhD. Their wisdom and role-modeling of empowering individuals to discover new approaches to self-management were truly remarkable.
As a result of the Embark training and the Study results, I have finally given myself permission to make addressing the emotional aspects of diabetes a priority. ~Coach Beverly
(image from Embark Trial Study).
Embark Trial Study
Danielle M. HesslerLawrence FisherSusan GuzmanLisa StryckerWilliam H. PolonskyAndrew AhmannGrazia AleppoNicholas B. ArgentoJoseph HenskeSarah KimElizabeth StephensKatherine GreenbergUmesh Masharani; EMBARK: A Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing Three Approaches to Reducing Diabetes Distress and Improving HbA1c in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2024; dc232452. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc23-2452
If you are interested in providing a FREE Diabetes Distress program led by a team of experts for the health care professionals in your facility, Please download this Diabetes Distress Flyer for more info!
Want to Learn how to Implement This Approach in Your Practice? It’s easy – Join ReVive 5
Accreditation: Diabetes Education Services is an approved provider by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider 12640, and our CPEU courses have received Prior Approval* from the Commission of Dietetic Registration (CDR), Provider DI002. Since our CPEU courses received Prior approval* from the CDR, these CPEU courses satisfy the CE requirements for the CDCES /BC-ADM regardless of your profession!
The use of DES products does not guarantee the successful passage of the certification exam. CBDCE and ADCES do not endorse any preparatory or review materials for the CDCES or BC-ADM exams, except for those published by CBDCE & ADCES.
The 2024 ADA Standards of Care now recommends annual screening for diabetes distress. If you are wondering how to screen for distress and tailor education based on the results, we encourage you to join this unique training program.
This two-session training provides the essential steps to address diabetes distress combined with an innovative approach to helping people make sense of their glucose data.
The first session is team-taught by experts in the field of diabetes distress and effective communication approaches. Dr. Larry Fisher kicks off the program by describing the difference between depression and distress and interpreting Diabetes Distress screening results. Dr. Susan Guzman uses a case study approach and step-by-step communication strategies to address responses from the Diabetes Distress screening tool. This session includes an abundance of evidence-based approaches that you can apply in your clinical setting.
Coach Beverly leads the second session. During this three-hour program, Beverly describes insulin dosing strategies, meter and sensor data interpretation, and common issues encountered by people using diabetes technology. Case studies include tools to help individuals discover what changes are needed to get glucose to target, coupled with the communication skills discussed in the first session. In conclusion, the team of instructors review a case study that pulls together all the ReVive 5 elements.
“ReVive 5” breathes new life into our relationship with diabetes, bringing a fresh perspective to both the person with diabetes and the provider.
Can’t join live? That’s okay. Your registration guarantees you access to the recorded version of the series, along with podcasts and resources for one full year.
Accredited Training Program:
- 15+ CEs – Includes the 7-hour ReVive 5 Training Program, Certificate, and 5 FREE bonus courses to supplement content.
- A comprehensive set of assessment tools, educational materials, log sheets, and resources.
Team of Experts:
ReVive 5 is taught by a team of 3 Interdisciplinary Experts:
- Lawrence Fisher, Ph.D., ABPP, Professor Emeritus, UCSF
- Susan Guzman, PhD
- Beverly Thomassian, RN, MPH, CDCES, BC-ADM
Speakers Interviews – Learn more about the ReVive 5 Team
Sign up for Diabetes Blog Bytes – we post weekly Blog Bytes that are informative and FREE! Every week we post one exam practice Question of the Week and Rationale of the Week. Sign up below!
Sign up for DiabetesEd Blog Bytes
The use of DES products does not guarantee the successful passage of the certification exam. CBDCE and ADCES do not endorse any preparatory or review materials for the CDCES or BC-ADM exams, except for those published by CBDCE & ADCES.
Food Insecurity and Food Programs
by Christine Craig, MS, RD, CDCES
LT shared during a recent visit that over the past year, money to purchase food has become tight, and there are times when, by the end of the month, they do not have the resources to purchase more food.
In the US, 12.8% of individuals, 17 million households, and 16% of individuals with diabetes report experiencing food insecurity.1
From 2021 to 2022, the prevalence significantly increased by 2.6% within the US population. Food insecurity has racial inequities and has a higher incidence in American or Alaska Native, Black, Hispanic, or multiracial households.1 Children, older adults, individuals with increased diabetes complications, and individuals living in rural and urban areas are among the highest sub-populations at risk.
Food Insecurity Linked to Diabetes
Food insecurity is defined as “the limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or the inability to acquire foods in socially accepted ways.”2 Food insecurity and diabetes have a bi-directional relationship. Insecurity can lead to poor health, and poor health can reduce food access through loss of work/time at work, increased cost of medical care, and increased burden of disease.
Dietary intake and food access is strongly linked to health outcomes, and adults who experience food insecurity are two to three times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes.3 Reduced consumption of fruits, vegetables, and nutrient-dense foods increases the risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. For low-income individuals, studies3 have shown increased hospital ER visits and admissions for hypoglycemia during the last week of the month compared to earlier weeks. Financial constraints often force individuals to choose between purchasing medications and buying food.
The co-occurrence of diabetes and food insecurity is influenced by nutritional, mental health, and behavioral factors, according to the Weiser et al.2 conceptual framework. At the individual level, interventions targeting food security and diabetes should focus on these interconnected pathways, especially considering the impact of competing demands on self-care prioritization. People living with diabetes and food insecurity often experience increased diabetes distress, depression, and higher A1c levels. Additional challenges such as cost-of-living, transportation, and medication costs further exacerbate these outcomes. Addressing behavioral barriers may involve providing transportation assistance, social work case management, and comprehensive medical care, and ensuring a review of medication costs. Mental health interventions could involve integrating food access programs with mental health screening and referral services in addition to problem-solving and coping strategies to reduce diabetes distress. The most helpful nutrition interventions aim to improve food accessibility, offer person-centered and budget-friendly nutrition counseling, and address policies and programs that reduce diabetes risk and complications.
Food Is Medicine Programs – Medically Tailored Meals
In 2023, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) developed the Food Is Medicine initiative, understanding that “access to nutritious food is critical to health and resilience.”3 The initiative focuses on developing strategies to reduce nutrition-related chronic disease and food insecurity while improving health and racial equity in the US.3 Food is Medicine can encompass many different programs, such as medically tailored meals, groceries, or produce prescription programs. Although A1C reduction results are mixed, each of these programs has shown an increase in fruit and vegetable consumption, food security, and quality of life measures.4
For individuals with diabetes, medically tailored meals result in the most evidence for improved diet quality, increased food security, improved diabetes self-management, and reduced hypoglycemic events.4 The programs are associated with lower health care utilization and cost for individuals with complex care needs. Medically tailored meals are designed by an RDN to meet the needs of the individual, are delivered directly to the home, and maybe a covered benefit if medical criteria are met. Seniors may access medically tailored and delivered programs through Medicare Advantage, Medicaid, or Area on Aging programs. Individuals who have chronic conditions and are post-hospital discharge have the highest likelihood of coverage. In California, Medi-Cal may provide up to three meals per day for twelve weeks for individuals with chronic health conditions (such as diabetes) who were recently discharged from a hospital or nursing home or require extensive care coordination. The Food is Medicine Coalition is a resource for additional information regarding Food is Medicine programs and can link individuals and providers to local participating agencies.
Food Insecurity on the Rise
Interventions begin with screening and knowing that more individuals with diabetes will experience food insecurity compared to just one year ago. We can utilize risk assessment tools, including the hunger vital signs, at least annually during our visits and, with patient collaboration, provide referrals to assistance programs. The most extensive federal food assistance programs include the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). These programs are effective in increasing food security while also improving health outcomes. Reviewing eligibility and assisting in the coordination of services for Food Is Medicine programs, Nutrition Assistance Programs, and resources such as local food pantries, Meals on Wheels, or Area on Aging Agencies programs. www.Findhelp.org is a tool that can help individuals and providers find free or reduced- resources, from food to housing and more. Through assessment, understanding patient priority needs, and linking to resources, we can create a more supportive and therapeutic environment for individuals managing diabetes while experiencing food insecurity.
Links to Listed Resources:
- Food is Medicine Coalition: https://fimcoalition.org
- Hunger Vital Sign: https://fimcoalition.org
- Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP): https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program
- WIC: https://www.fns.usda.gov/wic
- Local Food Pantries: https://www.feedingamerica.org/our-work/nutrition-health
- Meals on Wheels: https://www.mealsonwheelsamerica.org/find-meals
- Area on Aging Agencies: https://eldercare.acl.gov/Public/About/Aging_Network/AAA.aspx
- Find Help: www.findhelp.org
References:
- Food Security and Nutrition Assistance downloaded on June 19th, 2024 from: https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/ag-and-food-statistics-charting-the-essentials/food-security-and-nutrition-assistance/#:~:text=In%202022%2C%2012.8%20percent%20of,of%20a%20lack%20of%20resources
- Weiser, Sheri & Palar, Kartika & Hatcher, Abigail & Young, Sera & Frongillo, Edward & Laraia, Barbara. (2015). Food Insecurity and Health: A Conceptual Framework. 10.1201/b18451-3.
- Food is Medicine: A Project to Unify and Advance Collective Action. Downloaded on June 19th, 2024 from https://health.gov/our-work/nutrition-physical-activity/food-medicine.
- Levi R, Bleich SN, Seligman HK. Food Insecurity and Diabetes: Overview of Intersections and Potential Dual Solutions. Diabetes Care. 2023 Sep 1;46(9):1599-1608. doi: 10.2337/dci23-0002. PMID: 37354336; PMCID: PMC10465985.
- Wylie-Rosett J, DiMeglio LA. Strategies to Reduce Food Insecurity for People With Diabetes: A Call to Action. Diabetes Care. 2023 Feb 1;46(2):245-248. doi: 10.2337/dci22-0058. PMID: 36701599; PMCID: PMC9887607.
Join us Live in Sunny San Diego for our
Annual DiabetesEd Training Conference
October 9th-11th, 2024
Join Coach Beverly and Team for two and a half days of knowledge-sharing, fun, networking, games with prizes, and “aha” moments in beautiful San Diego on October 9-11, 2024.
You don’t want to miss this one-of-a-kind learning opportunity. Get away from all those daily responsibilities and immerse yourself in a fun and intensive conference with plenty of networking opportunities.
Attendees will leave this conference with new tools and a more complete understanding of the latest advances in diabetes care, from medications to technology to Medical Nutrition Therapy!
Each day, we provide a healthy breakfast, including fresh coffee, to kick off your morning. Our instructors co-teach the content to keep things fresh and lively. Plus, we play DiaBingo to reinforce key content and give away prizes. In addition, we provide plenty of movement breaks led by volunteers from the audience. Did we mention delicious lunches and a conference meeting space just minutes from San Diego Bay?
Friend Discount: 3 or more only $559-$799 (based on registration package) per person. Email us at info@diabetesed.net with the name and email of each registrant to get the discount!
Time: The course is Wednesday through Friday. Join us for breakfast at 7:00 a.m. each day. The class begins at 8:00 a.m. and ends at 5:00 p.m. on Wednesday and Thursday and at 3:00 p.m. on Friday.
- 3 Days: of critical information delivered by passionate speakers in an engaging and fun format!
- 18+ CEs: earned at the Live Seminar (RDs earn 18.75 CEs while Nurses & CA Pharmacists earn 22.75 CEs)
- 10 Bonus Online Courses, Earn 10+ CEs: As a course attendee, you automatically receive a bonus online course bundle of 13 online courses valued at over $179. Coach Beverly carefully chose each of these courses based on student feedback on which content best helped them succeed at the certification exams and in their clinical practice. You will be given instructions after you purchase the course on how to enroll in our Online University and get started!
- Healthy breakfast all days, gourmet lunch both days and refreshments.
- E-version of the syllabus
Accreditation: Diabetes Education Services is an approved provider by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider 12640, and our CPEU courses have received Prior Approval* from the Commission of Dietetic Registration (CDR), Provider DI002. Since our CPEU courses received Prior approval* from the CDR, these CPEU courses satisfy the CE requirements for the CDCES /BC-ADM regardless of your profession!
The use of DES products does not guarantee the successful passage of the certification exam. CBDCE and ADCES do not endorse any preparatory or review materials for the CDCES or BC-ADM exams, except for those published by CBDCE & ADCES.
Sign up for Diabetes Blog Bytes – we post weekly Blog Bytes that are informative and FREE! Every week we post one exam practice Question of the Week and Rationale of the Week. Sign up below!
Sign up for DiabetesEd Blog Bytes
The use of DES products does not guarantee the successful passage of the certification exam. CBDCE and ADCES do not endorse any preparatory or review materials for the CDCES or BC-ADM exams, except for those published by CBDCE & ADCES.
3 Ways Companion Pets Can Support People with Diabetes
For people living with diabetes, a companion pet may support their diabetes self-management and improve their quality of life.
Caring for our pets can bring a sense of joy, love, and companionship. It can also help us maintain a routine as we care for the well-being of our animals and thereby ourselves. Pets are an important part of the Diabetes Education Services work environment. You might hear Muffin and Biscuit wrestling in the background if you call Bryanna by phone. Those cute rescue felines are busy making mischief and keep Bryanna hopping. Or the barks of Freya and Sadie while talking with Brent. If you are watching a webinar with Coach Beverly, you will see her constant companion and Chiweenie, Choochi, napping on the comfy chair in the background. Choochi reminds Coach Beverly to take walks in the nearby field and to take a break from her treadmill desk.
Here are a few ways animals can support people living with diabetes.
Structure & Routine
Animals like a routine and need structure. Many know when their feeding time or play/exercise time is and will alert you to when those times are coming up. A pet’s routine can also be used by people living with diabetes to schedule their own meal times, medication schedules, and times for exercise. In fact, 47% of pet owners surveyed said that their pets keep them more active.
The American Hearth Association has this great handout for ways pets can motivate us to be more active.
Isolation & Loneliness
A study published by BMC Public Health that assessed the relationship between loneliness and blood glucose control in diabetes found that “systolic blood pressure was significantly correlated with loneliness in patients with diabetes.”
For people living with diabetes, pets can provide company, love, and nonhuman social support. Having animals can also connect us with others, such as going to the park with your dog, riding horses with others, or joining a pet group on social media.
Stress Reduction & Mood
Last year, the American Heart Association conducted a survey for their Healthy Bond for Life program which showed that “95% of pet parents rely on their pets for stress relief.” For those who experience diabetes distress, spending time petting an animal, watching them play, and snuggling up with them may help in times of stress.
Animal-assisted interventions have also been shown to have positive outcomes for those experiencing depression, PTSD, and anxiety.
How to Keep You and Your Pet Healthy
While there are many benefits to owning a pet, it is important to be aware of how to keep you and your pet safe. The CDC’s “Healthy Pets, Healthy People” hub has helpful information and resources on pet safety.
Unlock insights for managing diabetes distress with the experts!
Join us live on June 17 & 24, 2024 for our
ReVive 5 Diabetes Training Program:
The 2024 ADA Standards of Care now recommends annual screening for diabetes distress. If you are wondering how to screen for distress and tailor education based on the results, we encourage you to join this unique training program.
This two-session training provides the essential steps to address diabetes distress combined with an innovative approach to helping people make sense of their glucose data.
The first session is team-taught by experts in the field of diabetes distress and effective communication approaches. Dr. Larry Fisher kicks off the program by describing the difference between depression and distress and interpreting Diabetes Distress screening results. Dr. Susan Guzman uses a case study approach and step-by-step communication strategies to address responses from the Diabetes Distress screening tool. This session includes an abundance of evidence-based approaches that you can apply in your clinical setting.
Coach Beverly leads the second session. During this three-hour program, Beverly describes insulin dosing strategies, meter and sensor data interpretation, and common issues encountered by people using diabetes technology. Case studies include tools to help individuals discover what changes are needed to get glucose to target, coupled with the communication skills discussed in the first session. In conclusion, the team of instructors review a case study that pulls together all the ReVive 5 elements.
“ReVive 5” breathes new life into our relationship with diabetes, bringing a fresh perspective to both the person with diabetes and the provider.
Can’t join live? That’s okay. Your registration guarantees you access to the recorded version of the series, along with podcasts and resources for one full year.
Accredited Training Program:
- 15+ CEs – Includes the 7-hour ReVive 5 Training Program, Certificate, and 5 FREE bonus courses to supplement content.
- A comprehensive set of assessment tools, educational materials, log sheets, and resources.
Team of Experts:
ReVive 5 is taught by a team of 3 Interdisciplinary Experts:
- Lawrence Fisher, Ph.D., ABPP, Professor Emeritus, UCSF
- Susan Guzman, PhD
- Beverly Thomassian, RN, MPH, CDCES, BC-ADM
Speakers Interviews – Learn more about the ReVive 5 Team
Sign up for Diabetes Blog Bytes – we post weekly Blog Bytes that are informative and FREE! Every week we post one exam practice Question of the Week and Rationale of the Week. Sign up below!
Sign up for DiabetesEd Blog Bytes
The use of DES products does not guarantee the successful passage of the certification exam. CBDCE and ADCES do not endorse any preparatory or review materials for the CDCES or BC-ADM exams, except for those published by CBDCE & ADCES.
Question of the Week | What is the cause of this emergency room visit?
LS is a 29-year-old who arrives in the emergency room with known history of type 2 diabetes. BMI is 23.9 and they are on basal insulin therapy and an oral medication to help “clear extra sugar”. On admission, their blood glucose is 189, pH is 7.2 and LS has 3+ betahydroxybyturate.
What is the most likely cause of these lab results?
- LS is omitting insulin to lose weight.
- There is a lab error in the glucose reading.
- LS is taking a SGLT-2 Inhibitor.
- New onset of cardiorenal syndrome.
Want to learn more about this question?
Join us live on June 13th at 11:30 am PST for our
Hospitals & Hyperglycemia
Level 2 Standards of Care Intensive
Research demonstrates the importance of glucose control during hospitalization to improve outcomes not only in the inpatient setting but after discharge. This course reviews the evidence that supports inpatient glucose control & outlines practical strategies to achieve targets in the inpatient setting. We incorporate the latest American Diabetes Association’s (ADA) Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes & provide links to resources & inpatient management templates.
Objectives:
- Describe the impact of hyperglycemia in the hospital setting.
- Discuss the importance of inpatient glucose control.
- List three strategies to get glucose to the goal in the hospital setting.
Learning Outcome:
The diabetes care team will gain insights and knowledge of special considerations, individualized goals, and standards for inpatients with diabetes that they can include in their practice.
Target Audience:
This course is a knowledge-based activity designed for individuals or groups of diabetes professionals, including RNs, RDs/RDNs, Pharmacists, Nurse Practitioners, Clinical Nurse Specialists, Physician Assistants, and other healthcare providers interested in staying up to date on current practices of care for people with prediabetes, diabetes, and other related conditions. The practice areas for RDs/RDNs for CDR reporting are healthcare, preventative care, wellness, and, lifestyle along with, education and research.
CDR Performance Indicators:
- 9.6.7
- 9.6.8
- 10.3.1
Instructor: Beverly Thomassian RN, MPH, CDCES, BC-ADM is a working diabetes specialist and a nationally recognized diabetes expert.
Sign up for Diabetes Blog Bytes – we post weekly Blog Bytes that are informative and FREE! Every week we post one exam practice Question of the Week and Rationale of the Week. Sign up below!
Sign up for DiabetesEd Blog Bytes
Accreditation: Diabetes Education Services is an approved provider by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider 12640, and our CPEU courses have received Prior Approval* from the Commission of Dietetic Registration (CDR), Provider DI002. Since our CPEU courses received Prior approval* from the CDR, these CPEU courses satisfy the CE requirements for the CDCES /BC-ADM regardless of your profession!
The use of DES products does not guarantee the successful passage of the certification exam. CBDCE and ADCES do not endorse any preparatory or review materials for the CDCES or BC-ADM exams, except for those published by CBDCE & ADCES.
Rationale of the Week | Are statins indicated for Peds with Diabetes?
For last week’s practice question, we quizzed participants on when to start statin therapy for pediatrics with diabetes. 50% of respondents chose the best answer. We want to clarify and share this important information, so you can pass it on to people living with diabetes and your colleagues, plus prepare for exam success!
Before we start though, if you don’t want any spoilers and haven’t tried the question yet, you can answer it below: Answer Question
Question: Based on the ADA Standards, in addition to dietary intervention, lifestyle and glucose management, when is it indicated to consider starting statin therapy for pediatrics with diabetes?
Answer Choices:
- When LDL is greater than 100 with a BMI of 25 or more.
- After age 10, if LDL is still greater than 130 at 6 months.
- Only if LDL and triglycerides are greater than 90thpercentile.
- Statins are only indicated for individuals 18 years and older.
Getting to the Best Answer
Answer 1 is incorrect. 11.84% chose this answer. “When LDL is greater than 100 with a BMI of 25 or more.” This is a tempting answer. However, according to ADA Standards, if after 6 months of intensive lifestyle intervention, the LDL is still greater than 130mg/dL and the child is 10 years or older, statin therapy is indicated to prevent cardiovascular complications.
Answer 2 is correct. 50% of you chose this answer. “After the age of 10 if LDL is 130 or greater.” Great job, this is the BEST answer. According to ADA Standards, if after 6 months of intensive lifestyle intervention, the LDL is still greater than 130mg/dL and the child is 10 years or older, statin therapy is indicated to prevent cardiovascular complications.
Answer 3 is incorrect. About 15.13% of respondents chose this. “Only if LDL and triglycerides are greater than 90thpercentile.” According to ADA Standards, if after 6 months of intensive lifestyle intervention, the LDL is still greater than 130mg/dL and the child is 10 years or older, statin therapy is indicated to prevent cardiovascular complications.
Finally, Answer 4 is incorrect. 23.03% chose this answer. “Statins are only indicated for individuals 18 years and older.” According to ADA Standards, if after 6 months of intensive lifestyle intervention, the LDL is still greater than 130mg/dL and the child is 10 years or older, statin therapy is indicated to prevent cardiovascular complications.
We hope you appreciate this week’s rationale! Thank you so much for taking the time to answer our Question of the Week and participate in this fun learning activity!
Want to learn more about this question?
Join us live on May 30th at 11:30 PST for our
From Tots to Teens
Level 2 Standards of Care Intensive
This course includes updated goals & guidelines for children living with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. This course discusses the special issues diabetes educators need to be aware of when working with children with diabetes & their families. We discuss the clinical presentation of diabetes, goals of care, & normal growth & development through the early years through adolescence. Strategies to prevent acute & long-term complications are included with an emphasis on positive coping for families & children with diabetes.
Objectives:
- Discuss the goals of care for Type 1 and Type 2 Kids with Diabetes.
- State Strategies to prevent acute and chronic complications.
- Discuss the importance of positive psychosocial adjustment & resources.
Learning Outcome:
Attendees will have comprehensive knowledge of special considerations, individualized goals and standards for children with diabetes to include in their practice.
Target Audience:
This course is a knowledge-based activity designed for individuals or groups of diabetes professionals, including RNs, RDs/RDNs, Pharmacists, Nurse Practitioners, Clinical Nurse Specialists, Physician Assistants, and other healthcare providers interested in staying up to date on current practices of care for people with prediabetes, diabetes, and other related conditions. The practice areas for RDs/RDNs for CDR reporting are healthcare, preventative care, wellness, and, lifestyle along with, education and research.
CDR Performance Indicators:
- 9.6.7
- 9.6.8
- 10.3.1
Instructor: Beverly Thomassian RN, MPH, CDCES, BC-ADM is a working diabetes specialist and a nationally recognized diabetes expert.
Sign up for Diabetes Blog Bytes – we post weekly Blog Bytes that are informative and FREE! Every week we post one exam practice Question of the Week and Rationale of the Week. Sign up below!
Sign up for DiabetesEd Blog Bytes
Accreditation: Diabetes Education Services is an approved provider by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider 12640, and our CPEU courses have received Prior Approval* from the Commission of Dietetic Registration (CDR), Provider DI002. Since our CPEU courses received Prior approval* from the CDR, these CPEU courses satisfy the CE requirements for the CDCES /BC-ADM regardless of your profession!
The use of DES products does not guarantee the successful passage of the certification exam. CBDCE and ADCES do not endorse any preparatory or review materials for the CDCES or BC-ADM exams, except for those published by CBDCE & ADCES.
![](/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/insta-png-v5.png")
